![]() This had kept a sectional balance in the Senate but not in the House of Representatives, as free states outstripped slave states in numbers of eligible voters. Initially Congress had admitted new states into the Union in pairs, one slave and one free. ![]() ![]() The principal political battle leading to Southern secession was over whether slavery would be permitted to expand into the Western territories destined to become states. Proponents of the pseudo-historical Lost Cause ideology have denied that slavery was the principal cause of the secession, a view that has been disproven by the overwhelming historical evidence against it, notably the seceding states' own secession documents. However, while historians in the 21st century agree on the centrality of the conflict over slavery-it was not just "a cause" of the war but "the cause" according to Civil War historian Chris Mackowski -they disagree sharply on which aspects of this conflict (ideological, economic, political, or social) were most important, and on the North’s reasons for refusing to allow the Southern states to secede. Historians who address the origins of the American Civil War today agree that the preservation of the institution of slavery was the principal aim of the 11 Southern states (seven states before the onset of the war and four states after the onset) that declared their secession from the United States (the Union) and united to form the Confederate States of America (known as the "Confederacy").
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